ISO 15765-2,[1] or ISO-TP (Transport Layer), is an international standard for sending data packets over a CAN-Bus. The protocol allows for the transport of messages that exceed the eight byte maximum payload of CAN frames. ISO-TP segments longer messages into multiple frames, adding metadata that allows the interpretation of individual frames and reassembly into a complete message packet by the recipient. It can carry up to 232-1 (4294967295) bytes of payload per message packet starting from the 2016 version. Prior version were limited to a maximum payload size of 4095 bytes.
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ISO-TP can be operated with its own addressing as so-called Extended Addressing or without address using only the CAN ID (so-called Normal Addressing). Extended addressing uses the first data byte of each frame as an additional element of the address, reducing the application payload by one byte. For clarity the protocol description below is based on Normal Addressing with eight byte CAN frames. In total, six types of addressing are allowed by the ISO 15765-2 Protocol.
ISO 14229-3 also describes a set of mappings between ISO 14229-2 and ISO 15765-2 (ISO-TP) and describes requirements related to 11-bit and 29-bit CAN IDs when these are used for UDS and legislated OBD as per ISO 15765-4.
For UDS on CAN, ISO 15765-2 describes how to communicate diagnostic requests and responses. In particular, the standard describes how to structure CAN frames to enable communication of multi-frame payloads. As this is a vital part of understanding UDS on CAN, we go into more depth in the next section.
However, part of the confusion may arise because ISO 14229-3 also provides an OSI model where DoCAN is both used in relation to ISO 15765-2 and as an overlay across OSI model layers 2 to 7. In ISO 14229-2, DoCAN is referred to as the communication protocol on which UDS (ISO 14229-1) is implemented. This is in sync with the illustration from ISO 14229-3. In this context, DoCAN can be viewed as a more over-arching term for the implementation of UDS on CAN, whereas UDSonCAN seems consistently to refer to ISO 14229-3 only.
Generally, only the manufacturer (OEM) will know how to request proprietary parameters via UDS - and how to interpret the result. Of course, one exception to this rule is cases where companies or individuals successfully reverse engineer this information. Engaging in such reverse engineering is a very difficult task, but you can sometimes find public information and DBC files where others have done this exercise. Our intro to DBC files contain a list of public DBC/decoding databases.
On a separate note, ISO 15765-4 states that enhanced diagnostics requests/responses may utilize the legislated OBD2 CAN ID range as long as it does not interfere - which is what we are seeing in this specific Hyundai Kona example where the IDs 0x7EC/0x7E4 are used for proprietary data. 2ff7e9595c
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